A Cargo Shortage Survey is a specialized inspection carried out to detect whether the cargo discharged from a vessel matches the documented quantity loaded at the port of origin. This service is essential to prevent commercial losses, identify discrepancies, and ensure accurate reporting during maritime transport operations. By comparing loading data with discharge measurements, surveyors help determine whether a loss occurred during transit, loading, stowage, or unloading.

Cargo shortages pose significant risks, especially for bulk cargoes, bagged goods, palletized shipments, and high-value cargo. Even minor differences in cargo quantity may lead to disputes. Therefore, a professional shortage survey ensures transparency, accuracy, and accountability throughout the logistics chain.

Cargo shortage inspections follow a systematic process conducted by an experienced marine surveyor.

1. Documentation Review

Before the discharge operation begins, the surveyor reviews all relevant records:

• Bill of Lading

• Loading port reports

• Stowage plan

• Draft Survey data (if any)

• Packing lists and tally sheets

This ensures the initial cargo quantity is clearly documented, enabling accurate comparison.

2. On-Site Quantity Verification

As the discharge begins, the surveyor supervises the entire process and verifies:

• Counting or weighing accuracy

• Losses due to improper unloading

• Bag or package damage causing spillage

• Seal integrity for containerized cargo

• Equipment performance affecting cargo quantity

• Possibility of mixing or misrouting cargo

Every step is documented using photos, videos, and measurement tools.

3. Specialized Measurement Techniques

Depending on the cargo type, different methods are applied:

• Bulk cargo: Draft Survey, trimming analysis, bunker residue observations

• Bagged cargo: Unit counting, damaged bag loss estimation

• Palletized cargo: Comparison of pallet loads and packaging integrity

• Containerized cargo: Seal check and weight verification

This helps determine both the quantity and potential cause of shortage.

4. Final Reporting

A comprehensive Cargo Shortage Report is prepared, including:

• Calculated shortage amount

• Probable cause of shortage

• Supporting measurements and documentation

• Observed operational risks

• Recommendations for corrective action

This report is essential for insurance claims and contractual dispute resolution.

Cargo shortages can lead to significant financial loss. Conducting a shortage survey ensures accurate quantity control, minimizes operational errors, and protects both buyers and sellers. The survey also provides legally valid documentation, reducing disputes and strengthening commercial transparency.